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Furniture Styles and Where They Came From

Furniture has been an essential part of human existence for centuries, serving both functional and aesthetic purposes. Over the years, various furniture styles have emerged, each with its unique history, features, and cultural significance. Lets explore different furniture styles and their history.

Ancient Furniture Styles

The history of furniture dates back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome. These civilizations created furniture pieces that were not only functional but also reflected their culture and art.

Egyptian furniture

Egyptian Style

Made of wood, stone, and metals such as bronze and gold. Furniture pieces were ornate and decorated with symbols, such as the sun and the lotus flower, whichds were significant in Egyptian mythology.

Greek furniture

Contrasting Egyptian style, Greek furniture was simple and functional, reflecting the Greeks’ belief in the importance of physical fitness and discipline. Greek furniture was typically made of wood and featured geometric designs.

Roman furniture

Heavily influenced by Greek and Egyptian styles. It was made of marble, bronze, and wood and featured intricate carvings and designs.

12th Century to 18th Century Furniture Styles

Gothic Furniture Style

The Gothic style emerged in the 12th century in Europe and was popular until the 16th century. Gothic furniture was characterized by its ornate and intricate designs, featuring pointed arches, elaborate carvings, and stained glass.

Gothic furniture was made of oak and walnut and was often painted black or dark brown. Gothic furniture was heavily influenced by the Gothic architecture of the time, which featured pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. This style was typically used in castles, churches, and other grand buildings.

Renaissance Furniture Style

The Renaissance period, which lasted from the 14th to the 17th century, was marked by a revival of classical art and culture. Renaissance furniture was characterized by its elegance and sophistication, featuring intricate carvings, gilding, and luxurious fabrics.

Renaissance furniture was typically made of oak, walnut, or mahogany and was often decorated with inlays of ivory or mother-of-pearl. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were ornate and decorated with symbols such as cherubs, grapes, and lions.

Italian Renaissance Style Chair
Renaissance Style Chair (Italian)

Baroque Furniture Style

The Baroque period, which lasted from the late 16th century to the mid-18th century, was marked by a grandeur and opulence in art and architecture. Baroque furniture was characterized by its elaborate designs, featuring curvilinear shapes, ornate carvings, and gilding.

Baroque furniture was typically made of mahogany or ebony and was decorated with gold leaf, mother-of-pearl, and other precious materials. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were often used in grand palaces and royal residences.

Rococo Furniture Style

The Rococo style emerged in the early 18th century in France and was characterized by its playful and whimsical designs. Rococo furniture was heavily influenced by nature, featuring designs such as shells, flowers, and foliage.

Rococo furniture was typically made of wood and was decorated with elaborate carvings and gilding. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were often painted in pastel colors and adorned with lace and silk fabrics.

Neoclassical Furniture Style

The Neoclassical style emerged in the mid-18th century in Europe and was marked by a return to classical art and architecture. Neoclassical furniture was characterized by its simplicity and elegance, featuring straight lines, geometric shapes, and understated designs.

Neoclassical furniture was typically made of mahogany or satinwood and was decorated with inlays of brass or ivory. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were often used in grand homes and public buildings.

Shaker Style Furniture

Shaker style furniture refers to a type of furniture design that is inspired by the principles and aesthetics of the Shakers, a religious sect that originated in the United States in the 18th century. The Shakers believed in simplicity, functionality, and quality craftsmanship, which is reflected in their furniture.

Shaker style furniture is characterized and identified by its simplicity, minimalism, straight lines, quality craftsmanship, functionality and natural finishes. Shaker style has had a significant influence on furniture design and continues to be appreciated for its timeless appeal, craftsmanship, and understated elegance.

Colonial Style

Colonial style refers to a design aesthetic that takes inspiration from the architecture, decor, and furniture of the colonial period, particularly in America. This style draws influence from the European styles prevalent during the colonial era, which spanned roughly from the 17th to the 19th century.

Colonial style can be identified by its symmetry, warm color palette, and rich textiles. Overall, it is characterized by its timeless elegance, traditional influences, and attention to detail. It offers a classic and refined aesthetic that pays homage to the colonial era.

Check out a more in depth look at Colonial Style Furniture

19th Century to Present

Industrial Style Furniture

Industrial style furniture refers to a design aesthetic that draws inspiration from industrial spaces, such as factories, warehouses, and workshops. It emerged as a popular interior design trend and has gained significant popularity in recent years. Industrial Style typically utilizes raw and rugged elements, metal accents or structures, distressed finishes, reclaimed or repurposed elements, a neutral color palette, and often uses a combination of textures.

Industrial style furniture is favored for its unique blend of ruggedness, simplicity, and urban appeal. It can add character and a touch of nostalgia to a space, making it a popular choice for contemporary interiors, lofts, and modern industrial-inspired homes.

Check out a more in depth look at Industrial Style Furniture

Art Nouveau Furniture Style

The Art Nouveau style emerged in the late 19th century and was characterized by its fluid, organic designs. Art Nouveau furniture was heavily influenced by nature and featured curved lines, floral patterns, and asymmetrical shapes.

Art Nouveau furniture was typically made of wood or metal and was decorated with intricate carvings and inlays of exotic materials such as ivory and tortoiseshell. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were often used in private homes and public spaces such as cafes and hotels.

Art Deco Furniture Style

The Art Deco style emerged in the 1920s and was marked by its sleek, geometric designs. Art Deco furniture was heavily influenced by the modernist movement and featured materials such as chrome, glass, and lacquered wood.

Mid-Century Modern

Art Deco furniture was characterized by its sharp angles, bold colors, and symmetrical designs. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were often used in high-end homes and public spaces such as theaters and cinemas.

Mid-Century Modern Furniture Style

The Mid-Century Modern style emerged in the mid-20th century and was characterized by its clean, minimalist designs. Mid-Century Modern furniture was heavily influenced by Scandinavian design and featured materials such as teak, walnut, and rosewood.

Mid-Century Modern furniture was characterized by its simple lines, organic shapes, and functional designs. Furniture pieces included chairs, tables, and cabinets, which were often used in modern homes and public spaces such as offices and museums.

Check out a more in depth look at Mid-Century Modern Style Furniture

Contemporary Furniture Style

Contemporary furniture is a broad term used to describe furniture designs that are currently popular. Contemporary furniture is characterized by its innovative designs, use of new materials, and focus on functionality.

Contemporary furniture pieces include chairs, tables, and cabinets, which feature designs such as sleek lines, bold colors, and unusual shapes. Contemporary furniture is often used in modern homes and public spaces such as hotels and restaurants.

To Sum Up

Furniture styles have evolved over the centuries, reflecting changes in culture, art, and technology. Styles will continue to evolve and more over time. From the ornate designs of ancient civilizations to the sleek lines of contemporary furniture, each style has its unique history and cultural significance. This is by no means an exhaustive list of all styles but hopefully by understanding some the history of furniture styles can help you choose the perfect furniture pieces for your home, reflecting your personal style and cultural preferences.

 

Not sure how to narrow down your design style? Check out this guide to get you started.

Interior Design Basics

 

Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interior of a building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the people using the space. It involves a combination of creativity, technical knowledge, and an understanding of human behavior, and requires a keen eye for detail. With practice and a little bit of direction you create beautiful and functional living space. These interior design basic rules should help get you started and get you closer to successfully transforming the living spaces of your home.

 

Functionality

The first and most important rule of interior design is functionality. The space must be designed to meet the needs of its occupants. If you’re designing a living room, it should be comfortable and inviting, with plenty of seating options and adequate lighting. The layout of the space should also be carefully considered to ensure that it flows well and is easy to navigate. Different considerations are needed for a bedroom. While it should be comfortable and inviting, a bedroom is meant for rest and relaxation.

 

Color

Color can greatly impact the mood and atmosphere of a space. When choosing colors for a room, it’s important to consider the purpose of the space and the emotions you want to evoke. For example, warm colors like red, orange, and yellow can create a cozy and inviting atmosphere, while cool colors like blue and green can promote relaxation and calm.

 

Balance

 A well-balanced space feels harmonious and cohesive, with each element working together to create a unified whole. Balance can be achieved through the careful arrangement of furniture and accessories, as well as the use of color and texture.

 

Scale and Proportion

The size of the furniture and accessories should be appropriate for the size of the room, and the placement of these elements should be carefully considered to ensure that they are in proportion to each other. For example, a small piece of furniture in a large room can feel out of place, while an oversized piece of furniture in a small room can feel overwhelming.

 

Texture

The use of different textures can add depth and interest to a space, and can help to create a sense of balance and harmony. For example, a plush rug can add softness and warmth to a room, while a rough, textured wall can add visual interest and depth.

 

Lighting

Lighting can greatly impact the mood and functionality of a space. When designing a space, it’s important to consider the natural light sources, as well as the placement of artificial lighting fixtures. Different lighting sources can be used to create different moods and atmospheres, and can help to highlight certain elements in a room. A well-lit room will not only be functional, but will also create a warm and inviting atmosphere.

 

Harmony

Harmony is the overall feeling of a room, and it’s important to consider how all of the elements in a space work together to create a cohesive whole. When designing a space, it’s important to choose elements that complement each other and work together to create a sense of harmony. This can include the use of color, texture, and scale, as well as the careful arrangement of furniture and accessories.

 

Contrast

Contrast is the use of opposing elements to create visual interest and excitement in a space. This can include the use of contrasting colors, textures, and shapes. When used properly, contrast can add depth and dimension to a space, and can help to draw the eye to certain elements.

 

Focal Point

A focal point is a prominent element in a room that draws the eye and serves as a visual anchor for the space. When designing a room, it’s important to choose a focal point that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing, such as a fireplace, piece of artwork, or a statement piece of furniture. The focal point should be highlighted with lighting and arranged in such a way as to draw attention to it.

 

Unity

Unity refers to the sense of oneness or cohesion in a space. When designing a room, it’s important to consider how all of the elements work together to create a unified whole. This can include the use of a consistent color palette, the repetition of certain shapes or patterns, and the careful arrangement of furniture and accessories. However don’t get too hung up on sticking to a single style. When done appropriately mixing and matching styles can complement each other. A space can be unified without being uniform.

 

Personal Style

It’s important to remember that interior design is ultimately about creating a space that reflects the personal style and preferences of the people who will be using it. While there are certain rules and guidelines that should be followed, it’s also important to allow for individual expression and creativity. Whether you’re working with a professional designer or designing your own space, it’s important to stay true to your own style and preferences. Need help narrowing down your specific and personal style? Read our guide to help you narrow down your personal style.

 

 

To Sum Up

The basic rules of interior design are intended to help create a functional, aesthetically pleasing, and harmonious living space. From functionality and color to balance and unity, each of these elements plays a vital role in creating a successful interior design. Whether you’re designing a small apartment or a large family home, by following these basic rules, you can create a space that is both beautiful and functional, and that reflects your personal style and preferences.

Interior design can be complex and multifaceted. However, keeping in mind the basics and careful consideration of the many different elements, anyone can design a space. By following the basic rules outlined above and considering the specific needs of each space, it’s possible to create a beautiful and functional living space that is both aesthetically pleasing and practical.

 

What Type of Wood for Furniture?

Wood is one of the most popular materials used in furniture making, and it comes in a wide range of species with varying characteristics. Each wood species has its own unique appearance, texture, and strength, making it important for furniture makers and consumers to choose the right species for their specific needs. Let’s compare several wood species commonly used in furniture making and explore their characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses.

 

Comparison of Wood Species

When comparing wood species there are several factors to consider, including appearance, durability, workability, and cost. In terms of appearance, each wood species has its own unique look and texture, making it important to choose a wood species that fits the desired aesthetic of the furniture. Oak and cherry both have distinct grain patterns that give them a rustic appearance, while maple and walnut have a more uniform texture that gives them a sleeker, more modern look. Mahogany has a distinctive, tropical appearance that makes it a popular choice for those who want a more unique look. Take a look at our stain samples to see how different wood species interact with the same stains. 

In terms of durability, oak, maple, cherry, mahogany, and walnut are all hardwoods that are resistant to wear and tear, making them good choices for furniture that will be subjected to heavy use. Oak and mahogany are particularly resistant to rot and insect damage, making them good choices for outdoor furniture. However, all wood species can be prone to warping and cracking if they are exposed to changes in temperature and humidity, so it is important to choose a wood species that is well-suited to the specific environment in which the furniture will be placed.

Cost is another important factor to consider when choosing a wood species for furniture making. Oak and maple are both relatively affordable, making them good choices for furniture makers who are on a budget. Cherry, mahogany, and walnut, on the other hand, can be quite expensive, particularly if they are harvested from old-growth trees.

Oak

Pros

Oak is a popular wood species for furniture making, known for its durability and strength. It has a distinct grain pattern that is often characterized by vertical lines and knots, which give it a rustic appearance. Oak is also resistant to rot and insect damage, making it a good choice for outdoor furniture.

Cons

One of the downsides of oak is that it can be quite heavy and difficult to work with, which may make it a less ideal choice. Additionally, oak can be prone to cracking and splitting over time, particularly if it is exposed to moisture or changes in temperature and humidity.

 

Maple

Pros

Maple is another popular wood species for furniture making, known for its light color and tight grain pattern. It is a hard, dense wood that is resistant to wear and tear, making it a good choice for furniture that will be subjected to heavy use. Maple also has a consistent texture and color, which makes it a good choice for those who want a uniform appearance.

Cons

One of the drawbacks of maple is that it can be difficult to stain, as it has a tendency to absorb stain unevenly and is not a good choice if you are wanting a darker, richer stain applied to it. Because maple is naturally lighter in color it will not darken as much as other wood species. Additionally, maple can be quite heavy, which may make it less ideal for furniture that needs to be moved frequently.

 

Cherry

Pros

Cherry is a wood species that is known for its warm, reddish-brown color and fine grain pattern. It is a hardwood that is moderately heavy and durable, making it a good choice for furniture that will be subjected to heavy use. Cherry also has a distinctive aging process, as it darkens over time and develops a rich, patina-like finish.

Cons

One of the downsides of cherry is that it can be quite expensive, particularly if it is harvested from old-growth trees. Additionally, cherry wood can be prone to warping and cracking if it is exposed to changes in temperature and humidity.

 

Mahogany

Pros

Mahogany is a wood species that is known for its rich, reddish-brown color and fine grain pattern. It is a hardwood that is moderately heavy and durable, making it a good choice for furniture that will be subjected to heavy use. Mahogany also has a distinctive, tropical appearance that makes it a popular choice for those who want a unique, exotic look.

Cons

One of the downsides of mahogany is that it can be quite expensive, particularly if it is harvested from old-growth trees. Additionally, mahogany wood can be prone to warping and cracking if it is exposed to changes in temperature and humidity.

 

Walnut

Pros

Walnut is a wood species that is known for its rich, dark brown color and distinctive grain pattern. It is a hardwood that is moderately heavy and durable, making it a good choice for furniture that will be subjected to heavy use. Walnut also has a distinctive, elegant appearance that makes it a popular choice for high-end furniture.

Cons

One of the downsides of walnut is that it can be quite expensive, particularly if it is harvested from old-growth trees. Additionally, walnut wood can be prone to warping and cracking if it is exposed to changes in temperature and humidity.

 

To Sum Up

Choosing the right wood species is an important consideration when buying furniture, as each wood species has its own unique characteristics that can impact the appearance, durability, workability, and cost of the finished product. Oak, maple, cherry, mahogany, and walnut are all popular choices, and each has its own strengths and weaknesses. Ultimately, the choice of wood species will depend on the desired appearance, durability, workability, and cost of the finished product, as well as the specific needs you are looking for.